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Lipidomics 1
Lipids represent an heterogenous and highly abundant metabolite class. The composition of the metabolome is highly dominated by lipids, particularly in human blood, where they constitute over 70% of detected metabolites.
Lipidomics 1 is an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – Time of Flight – mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ToF-MS) based platform used for the analysis of sample extracts following a methanol extraction. This high throughput semiquantitative lipid profiling provides coverage over more than 300 lipids from different classes:
- Fatty acyls:
- Fatty acids (FA)
- Oxidized fatty acids (oxFA)
- Acylcarnitines (CAR)
- N-acyl ethanolamines (NAE)
- Glycerophospholipids (lyso):
- Glycerophosphocholines (LPC):
- monoacylglycerophosphocholines
- 1-alkylglycerophosphocholines
- 1Z-alkenylglycerophosphocholines
- Glycerophosphoethanolamines (LPE):
- monoacylglycerophosphoethanolamines
- 1-alkylglycerophosphoethanolamines
- 1Z-alkenylglycerophosphoethanolamines
- Glycerophosphoinositols (LPI):
- monoacylglycerophosphoinositols
- Glycerophosphoglycerols (LPG):
- Monoacylglycerophosphoglycerols
- Glycerophosphocholines (LPC):
- Sterol lipids:
- Bile acids (BA)
- Steroid sulfates (ST)
- Sphingolipids:
- Sphingoid bases (SPB)
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Lipidomics 1
High-throughput semiquantitative lipid profiling based on specific methanol extraction and LC-MS analysis of more than 300 lipids of the following classes:
- Fatty acyls: non-esterified fatty acids, oxidized fatty acids, N-acyl ethanolamines and acylcarnitines.
- Sterol lipids: bile acids and steroid sulfates.
- Glycerophospholipids (lyso-forms): lysophosphatidylethanolamines, lysophosphatidylinositols, lysophosphatidylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholines, including ether-linked species.
- Free sphingoid bases.
Lipidomics 2
Lipids are more than energy storage entities and components of the biological membranes. As key regulators of systems’ homeostasis, lipids participate in metabolic regulation, cell signaling, proliferation or apoptosis, membrane trafficking, tissue physiology and can also interfere with therapy response.
Lipidomics 2 is an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – Time of Flight – mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ToF-MS) based platform used for the analysis of sample extracts following a chloroform/methanol extraction. This high throughput semiquantitative lipid profiling provides coverage over more than 750 lipids from different classes:
- Fatty acyls:
- Primary fatty amides (FAA)
- Glycerolipids:
- Monoacylglycerols (MG)
- Diacylglycerols (DG)
- Triacylglycerols (TG)
- Glycerophospholipids:
- Glycerophosphocholines (PC):
- diacylglycerophosphocholines
- 1-alkyl,2-acylglycerophosphocholines
- 1-(1Z-alkenyl),2-acylglycerophosphocholines
- Glycerophosphoethanolamines (PE):
- diacylglycerophosphoethanolamines
- 1-alkyl,2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamines
- 1-(1Z-alkenyl),2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamines
- Glycerophosphoinositols (PI):
- diacylglycerophosphoinositols
- Glycerophosphocholines (PC):
- Sterol lipids:
- Cholesteryl esters (CE)
- Cholesterol and cholesteryl sulfate.
- Sphingolipids:
- Sphingomyelins (SM)
- Ceramides (Cer)
- Monohexosylceramides (HexCer)
- Sulfatides (SHexCer)
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Lipidomics 2
High-throughput semiquantitative lipid profiling based on specific chloroform/methanol extraction and LC-MS analysis of more than 750 lipids of the following classes:
- Fatty acyls: primary fatty amides.
- Sterol lipids: Cholesterol esters, cholesterol and cholesteryl sulfate.
- Sphingolipids: ceramides, monohexosylceramides, sphingomyelins and sulfatides.
- Glycerolipids: monoacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols.
- Glycerophospholipids: phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, and phosphatidylcholines, including ether-linked species.
Oxidized Fatty acids
Oxidized fatty acids are polar compounds produced by the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and are considered key inflammatory modulators since they can act as either pro- or anti-inflammatory agents.
For the optimal profiling of the oxidized fatty acids, a solid-phase extraction is carried out followed by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis: the chromatographic system Acquity UPLC H-Class system is coupled to a QTRAP® 6500 working in electrospray ionization negative mode and multiple reaction monitoring.
This platform analyzes more than 40 oxidized fatty acids including octadecanoids, eicosanoids and docosanoids.
- Derived from ω-6 fatty acids: arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linoleic acid.
- Derived from ω-3 fatty acids: α-linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid.
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Oxidized Fatty acids
Focusing on lipophilic signaling molecules derived from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, this platform analyzes more than 40 oxidized fatty acids including octadecanoids, eicosanoids and docosanoids.
- Derived from ω-6 fatty acids: arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linoleic acid.
- Derived from ω-3 fatty acids: α-linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid.
Amino acids
Amino acids are the essential building blocks of proteins, critical for building and repairing muscle, tissues, and organs. However, their function is not limited to this role; amino acids are also a source of energy and regulate key metabolic pathways that are necessary for maintenance, growth, reproduction, and immunity.
Amino acids and their derivatives are analyzed in an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – single quadrupole detector – mass spectrometry (UHPLC-SQD-MS) based platform used for the analysis of sample extracts following a methanol extraction and derivatization of primary and secondary amine groups. This analytical platform provides coverage over more than 40 amino acids and derivatives:
- The twenty canonical amino acids that comprise proteins:
- Essential amino acids: histidine (His), isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), phenylalanine (Phe), threonine (Thr), tryptophan (Trp) and valine (Val).
- Nonessential amino acids: alanine (Ala), arginine (Arg), asparagine (Asn), aspartate (Asp), cysteine (Cys), glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), glycine (Gly), proline (Pro), serine (Ser) and tyrosine (Tyr).
- Di- and tripeptides, including GSH and GSSG.
- Alpha and Gamma amino acids derivatives.
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Amino acids
This analytical platform provides coverage over more than 40 amino acids and derivatives:
- The twenty canonical amino acids that comprise proteins.
- Di- and tripeptides
- Alpha and Gamma amino acids derivatives.
Polar metabolites
Hydrophilic metabolites, such as amino acids, nucleic acids, sugars, water-soluble vitamins and small organic acids, are extensively present in biological samples. Their relevance is not limited to their wide presence, but also to their roles in cellular metabolism and in the hemostatic balance in living organisms.
The profiling of polar metabolites is analyzed using a reversed-phase ion-pairing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ToF-MS)-based platform, with electrospray ionization (ESI) in negative-ion mode and tributylamine as the ion pair reagent.
This platform covers more than 130 metabolites and is available for the analysis of cells or tissue samples:
- Metabolites involved in the central carbon metabolism and the three metabolic pathways: glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and tricarboxylic acid cycle.
- Carboxylic acids.
- Nucleosides and nucleotides.
- Redox-electron-carriers.
- Polar vitamins.
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Polar metabolites
High-throughput semiquantitative LC-MS based profiling of more than 130 metabolites:
- Metabolites involved in the central carbon metabolism and the three metabolic pathways: glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and tricarboxylic acid cycle.
- Carboxylic acids.
- Nucleosides and nucleotides.
- Redox-electron-carriers.
- Polar vitamins.
Bile acids
Bile acids, amphiphilic molecules derived from cholesterol, aid in the absorption and transport of lipids, nutrients, and vitamins, and serve as signaling molecules.
Bile acids are quantified with the AbsoluteIDQ® Bile Acids kit. Chromatographic separation is performed in an Acquity UPLC H-Class system coupled to a QTRAP® 6500 MS detector operating in electrospray ionization negative ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring.
This panel covers the following bile acids:
- Primary bile acids (produced by the liver): Cholic acid (CA), Glycocholic acid (GCA), Taurocholic acid (TCA), Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), α-Muricholic acid (α-MCA), β-Muricholic acid (β-MCA), ω-Muricholic acid (ω-MCA), Tauro-muricholic acid (TMCA(α+β)).
- Secondary bile acids (produced by gut bacteria from primary bile acids): Deoxycholic acid (DCA), Glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), Lithocholic acid (LCA), Glycolithocholic acid (GLCA), Taurolithocholic acid (TLCA), Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), Glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA).
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Bile acids
The bile acids panel allows the quantification of 20 bile acids including free, tauro- and glyco-conjugated bile acids:
- Primary bile acids: CA, GCA, TCA, CDCA, GCDCA, TCDCA, α-MCA, β-MCA, ω-MCA, TMCA(α+β).
- Secondary bile acids: DCA, GDCA, TDCA, LCA, GLCA, TLCA, UDCA, GUDCA, TUDCA, HDCA.
Short chain Fatty Acids
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are key metabolites produced by gut bacteria through the fermentation of dietary fibers, and are absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells, enter the portal vein, and then transported to the liver. Their influence extends beyond the gut, and their effects on different metabolic processes may also be exerted in organs and tissues outside the gut.
SCFAs are quantified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) using an Avance III-600 Bruker spectrometer (Bruker, Germany). This panel covers the following SCFAs acids:
- Linear SCFAs:
- Acetic acid (C2:0)
- Propionic acid (C3:0)
- Butyric acid (C4:0)
- Valeric acid (C5:0)
- Caprylic acid (C6:0)
- Branched SCFAs:
- Isobutyric acid (isoC4:0)
- Isovaleric acid (isoC5:0)
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Short chain Fatty Acids
SCFAs are quantified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, covering:
- Linear SCFAs: Acetic acid (C2:0), Propionic acid (C3:0), Butyric acid (C4:0), Valeric acid (C5:0) and Caprylic acid (C6:0).
- Branched SCFAs: Isobutyric acid (isoC4:0) and Isovaleric acid (isoC5:0).
Tripalmitin
Tripalmitin [TG(16:0/16:0/16:0)] is a triglyceride derived from the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (16:0), which is the most common fatty acid in humans and can be provided in the diet or synthesized endogenously via de novo lipogenesis. However, while palmitate can be influenced by dietary intake, tripalmitin specifically acts as a marker for newly synthesized fatty acids,
Tripalmitin quantification is performed using method combining ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Tripalmitin
Tripalmitin is a triglyceride derived from the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (16:0).
Lipoprotein profiling
Lipoprotein profiling is based on a high-performance technology that allows a comprehensive analysis of the profile of lipoproteins present in the bloodstream: two-dimensional Diffusion Ordered Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (DOSY-NMR).
Our approach uses two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D-1H-NMR) on a Bruker Avance III 600 spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) operating at a proton frequency of 600.20 MHz. Proton (1H) NMR spectroscopy is unique in its ability to quantify lipoprotein particle subclasses and provide advanced lipoprotein analyses that also determine the particle size and number.
The Lipoprotein Profiling Platform includes:
- Lipid composition: triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations.
- Particle size of the four main classes of lipoproteins: VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL.
- Particle number of nine subclasses: large, medium and small VLDL, LDL, and HDL particles.
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Lipoprotein profiling
This analysis is based on a high-performance technology that allows a comprehensive analysis of the profile of lipoproteins present in the bloodstream.
The Lipoprotein Profiling Platform includes:
- Lipid composition: triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations.
- Particle size of the four main classes of lipoproteins: VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL.
- Particle number of nine subclasses: large, medium and small VLDL, LDL, and HDL particles.
Glycoprotein profiling
Circulating glycoproteins belong to the large family of acute-phase proteins (APPs), which are directly related to inflammatory disorders. Glycoproteins are related to numerous pathologies, such as rheumatoid arthritis, polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes mellitus or other metabolic disorders. They also play a key role in inflammatory and pathological processes, such as the genesis and/or progression of cardiovascular disease.
Our approach for the analysis of glycoprotein-related parameters uses two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D-1H-NMR) on a Bruker Avance III 600 spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) operating at a proton frequency of 600.20 MHz.
The Glycoprotein Profiling Platform includes:
- GlycA: concentration of acetyl groups of protein-bond N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine.
- GlycB: concentration of acetyl groups of protein bond N-acetylneuraminic acid.
- GlycF: concentration of acetyl groups of free N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid (unbound to proteins).
- Height/weight (H/W) ratios of GlycA and GlycB.
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Glycoprotein profiling
The Glycoprotein Profiling Platform includes the following glycoprotein-related parameters:
- GlycA: concentration of acetyl groups of protein-bond N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine.
- GlycB: concentration of acetyl groups of protein bond N-acetylneuraminic acid.
- GlycF: concentration of acetyl groups of free N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid (unbound to proteins).
- Height/weight (H/W) ratios of GlycA and GlycB.
Proteomics
Olink’s Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) technology merges an antibody-based immunoassay with the powerful properties of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This provides a scalable multiplex protein biomarker platform with exceptional specificity and sensitivity while using minimal sample volumes.
High-throughput, multiplex immunoassays of proteins using minimal volumes of serum, plasma, or almost any other type of biological sample:
- Olink Explore HT: It is the next-generation solution for high-throughput proteomics: ~5,400 proteins with proven specificity in 2uL of plasma or serum.
- Olink Reveal: Designed for large-scale protein biomarker discovery in human body fluids – such as serum or plasma – Reveal enables the simultaneous measurement of >1,000 proteins from minimal sample volumes.
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Proteomics
High-throughput, multiplex immunoassays of proteins using minimal volumes of serum, plasma, or almost any other type of biological sample:
- Olink Explore HT
- Olink Reveal
Genomics
Our portfolio includes solutions from whole genome sequencing and whole exome sequencing to specific SNPs arrays and polygenic risk scores.
Among the range of solutions that we offer, we also include a specific proposal for cardiovascular (CV) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) research.
- MASLD/HCC-score (PRS-5): 5-SNP polygenic risk score for non-invasive stratification of MASLD/MASH and HCC.
- MASLD-associated SNPs: Exome genes that include variants previously associates any of the stages of MASLD, including MASH and HCC (93-MASLD-associated SNPs).
- Genes related to Steatotic Liver Disease: includes rare monogenic disorders in which Steatotic liver disease is one of the clinical manifestations (>400 genes).
- CV-score (PRS-50): Polygenic score risk for cardiovascular risk prediction (50 SNPs).
Experimental results are greatly improved by optimal sample collection, processing, and storage. It is advisable to discuss the requirements with our technical staff.
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Genomics
Our portfolio of genomics analyses includes:
- Whole genome sequencing
- Whole exome sequencing
- Capture NGS panels
- Targeted gene sequencing
- Specific SNPs arrays
Advanced Analytics
DATA SCIENCE
Rubió Metabolomics stands at the forefront of comprehensive data-driven insights and rigorous analysis in metabolic profiles. As we know that data is your greatest asset, we bring together a team of skilled data scientists who collaborate closely with researchers. Our work pursues empowering clients in harnessing the full potential of their data and gaining profound insights into metabolic profiles.
We leverage innovative data science techniques to identify significant biomarkers, perform comprehensive multivariate analyses, model intricate metabolic pathways, and conduct robust data integration. By tailoring our advanced and rigorous data analysis methods to our clients specific metabolomic needs, we empower them to drive research and enhance personalized medicine through impactful data-driven discoveries.
Our Key Data Science Services in Metabolomics
We offer a complete range of metabolomic and data science services to satisfy your investigation and analysis needs. Using our expertise we to transform data without processing into available scientific knowledge, through the following services:
Exploratory Data Analysis
With meticulous planning and design of experiments, we aim to analyze the data obtained to test your hypothesis with appropriate levels of statistical power and sensitivity.
Data Preparation
We understand that tidy data is the key for high-quality analysis. Our services include data cleaning and homogenizing of data sources, which are necessary tasks for producing reproducible research and comparable experiments.
Statistical Design
We are committed to extracting the maximum value from your data through exploratory and statistical analysis, aiding in the discovery of patterns that could further support your hypothesis.
Predictive Modelling
We transform it into high-performance predictive models that are reliable for creating new data, helping in the development of new products and services.
Communication
We support your communication for reports and publications, by providing formal explanations, high-quality graphics, data applications, and interactive documents.
